Robert morton and robert pringle



(No Model.)

GAS STOVE.

No. 557,857. PatentgApr. 7, 1896.

L O F FIG. .3

IN VENT OHS %?V M AT URNE YS.

ANUREW a cRAuAM. Pumo-uTnuWAsnINGTDN. D C

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ROBERT MORTON AND ROBERT PRINGLE, OF LONDON, ENGLAND; SAID MORTON ASSIGNOR TO SAID PRINGLE.

GAS-STOVE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 557,857, dated April '7, 1896.

Application filed September 30,1895. Serial No. 564,206. (No model.)

To all whmn it may concern.-

Be it known that we, ROBERT MORTON, gentleman, of (ii Hamilton Terrace, London, N. W'., and ROBERT PRINGLE, M. D., of 11 Eliot Park, Blackheath, London, S. E., England, have invented new and useful Improvements in Gas-Stoves, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention consists of an improved gasstove of simple and inexpensive construction, whereby absolutely complete combustion of the constituents of coal-gas is obtained by the use of ordinary (OrnOnatmOspheric) burners, producing clear bright luminiferous flames which do not impinge upon any part of the stove, it being only to the currents of heated air generated by the combustion that the metallic surfaces of the stove are exposed. The attainment of perfect combustion is insured by so proportioning the gas and air supplies that the process of combustion shall be thoroughly completed in the flame and by utilizing part of the heat of combustion to raise to a suitable temperature both the gas to be consumed and the air admitted to support combustion before the gas and air meet at the point of ignition, so that they are, so to speak, prepared for complete oxidation. There is therefore no reduction of the heat of the flames either by contact with coolingsurfaces or by the inrush of either cool air or gas, and the conditions are such as to be eminently calculated to insure perfectly complete combustion of the constituents of the gas and avoid the highly deleterious effects produced by the combustion of gas in ordinarynon-atmospheric burners. There is consequently no deposit of soot within the stove itself nor the possibility of any of the constituents of the gas escaping in an unconsumed or partiallyconsumed state, so that the combustion of coal-gas in this stove is unaccompanied by any objectionable smell. The injurious gases, acetylene, carbonic oxid, and sulfureted hydrogen which result from incomplete combustion are entirely absent, the only products escaping being those which are the inevitable result of complete combustion-namely, watery vapor and carbonic acid, which are hygienically quite innocuous if the apartment in which the stove is placed is provided with ordinary means of ventilation. The particular means whereby such complete combustion and perfect operation is secured will be fully described hereinafter,

and their novel features defined in the claims.

The improved construction of gas-stove is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, wherein-- Figure 1 represents a vertical sectional elevation of the stove, taken on line 1 1, Fig. 5. Fig. 2 is an external elevation; and Figs. 3, 4, and 5 are horizontal sections, respectively, taken on lines 3 3, 4 4, and5 5, Fig. 1.

The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in all the figures.

A is the casing of the stove, made of sheetmetal and of cylindrical, oval, or other shape in crossscction, in which are fixed horizontal diaphragms or tube-plates B O D. A series of vertical flue-tubes E, preferably made of fire-clay and open at both ends, are suspended by their upper ends in apertures in the top tube-plate B, the lower end of each tube terminatin above the level of the burners, these tubes being preferably equally spaced in a circular stove around a central similar tube and forming upcast flues to receive the ascending current of hot air and products of combustion. A short distance below the tubeplate 13 is another tube-plate O, apertured to carry the outer tubes or sleeves F and to give passage through them to the flue-tubes E. The annular spaces formed by these two sets of tubes provide downcast flues for the admission of the inflowing heated current of fresh air. 1

The bottom of the stove-casingis closed by the lowermost diaphragm D below the level of the burners, so that no direct access of cold air to the burners is possible.

Vertical tubes G of sheet metal, arranged alternately with the tubes already described, are fixed in apertures in the tube-plate O and in corresponding openings in the bottom plate D, which is raised by the feet of the stove a sufiicient distance above the ground to permit fresh air to pass up through the tubes G to the chamber H, inclosed between plates B and C, thence downward through the annular spaces just mentioned to the combustionchamber, the temperature of the inflowing fresh air being materially raised by the upward passage through the tubes Gand to a still higher temperature in the upper or airheating chamber II and by contact with the highly-heated flues E in the downcast flues.

In one of the fines E, preferably the central one of the series, is placed a gas heatingchamber I, forming an enlargement of the gas-supply pipe .I, which descends vertically through that flue, (which is made slightly larger for the purpose) the burners j j being placed on radial branches J just above the bottom diaphragm D of the stove-casing, the gas supply pipe entering the stove casing either atthe top or bottom, but preferably at bottom, as shown, in which case the pipe is preferably first led upward through the bottom plate D within the casing A between the tubes and through and over the top tubeplate B to the central flue E, in which it is connected to the heating-chamber I, as described. The burners j are respectively placed each centrallybeneath one of the fluetubes E, while the burners j are preferably placed not below the central flue E, in which the gas heating vessel I is placed, but below the annulus surrounding such flue and at such distance therefrom that not only can the flames not impinge directly on the "gasinlet pipe and heating vessel, but the heat of the ascending current through the central flue is so moderated that while the gas is sufficiently heated to avoid cooling the flame and insure perfect combustion under the conditions described overheating of the gas, which would have the effect of causing a deposit of carbon in the heating vessel and the impoverishment of the gas to the detriment of the heating power of the flames, is practically avoided, although provision is made by plugs i i at top and bottom for cleaning out the heating vessel in case of any accidental deposit therein. 'The absence of this troublesome deposit of carbon in the gas heating vessel in normal working is a very advantageous feature of our improved stove.

The tubes and other parts of the stove are so proportioned and the consumption of gas and air so adjusted that the flames burn with a pure white light and perfect steadiness, and thereby afford a means of ascertaining the proper working condition of the stove. The quantity of gas consumed is very small. The burners 3' may be of the smallest size used for lighting purposes, the size of the burners j beneath the flues E depending on the size of the stove and the amount of air supplied for combustion. For a consumption of twenty cubic feet of gas per hour the air-inlet tubes G should have an aggregate area of approximately fifty square inches and a height of about eighteen inches. After the stove has been thoroughly heated the gas-supply may be so diminished as to lower the flames below the normal capacity of the burners.

The top K fits removably in the sides of the stove-casing and is a short distance above the top tube-plate B, the products of combustion being discharged through side openings k in the flange of the cover. In order that the discharge may, when required, be directed downward, a deflecting-plate L, reversible or removable at will, is placed upon the cover, its inclined marginal portion projecting some distance beyond the sides of the stove-casin g, so as to direct downward the current escaping through the openings 7;. Openings for the reception of cooking utensils and furnished with removable lids in the usual manner may be provided in the cover and deflectingplate.

Close-fitting doors Mare fitted on the sides of the stove-casing over apertures opposite to the burners, so as to give access to the latter for lighting or renewal. For lighting purposes these doors are apertured and fitted with transparent material.

External gills in the form of vertical chair nels 0, open at top and bottom, may be attached to the outside of the casing in order to insure a more thorough circulation of the atmosphere in the immediate neighborhood of the stove. These channels are preferably of U -section, with lateral flanges either fitting in grooves provided on the casing, so as to be removable at will, or permanently fixed.

The sheet metal may, if desired, be lined with refractory material, such as fire-clay. If it be desired to use the heated gas for illuminating orcooking purposes at another part of the apartment, a gas-pipe N may be led off from beneath the stove to the point where the gas is to be consumed.

A small stove of oval or flattened section may comprise merely the central flue E, inclosing the gas-heater and surrounded by its downcast annulus, with an upcast air-tube at either side, the construction and operation otherwise remaining the same.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we claim is- 1. In a gas-stove, the combination of a casing having partitions forming a combustionchamber and an air-heating chamber above the same, an upcast air-flue open at its bottom to the surrounding air and extending from the bottom of the combustion-chamber through the same, the upper end of said flue being arranged to deliver air into the airheating chamber, the said chamber communicating with the combustion-chamber to allow the air to travel thereto, an upcast gasflue having its open bottom located within the combustion-chamber to receive the gases therefrom, the upper portion of said gas-flue extending through the air-heating chamber, a burner within the combustionchamber, and a gas supply pipe leading to the burner through the gas-flue, as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a gas-stove the combination of a casing having partitions'forming a combustionchamber and an air-heating chamber above IIO the same, an upcast air-flue open at its bottom to the surrounding air and extending from the bottom of the combustion-chamber through the same, the upper end of said flue being arranged to deliver air into the airheating chamber, an upcast gas-flue having its open bottom located Within the combustion-chamber to receive the gases therefrom, the upper portion of said gas-flue extending through the air-heating chamber, a tube surrounding the gas-flue within the combustionchamber, the lower end of said tube opening into said chamber, while the upper end of the tube is open to the air-heating chamber to receive the heated air therefrom, a burner within the combustion-chamber, and a gas-supply pipe leading to the burner through the gasfiue, substantially as described.

3. A gas-stove comprising a casing provided with partitions forming a combustionchamher, and an air-heating chamber above the same, upcast air-fines fixed in and opening through the bottom of the air-heating chamber and the bottom of the stove-casing, said fines extending through the combustionchamber, upcast gas-fines suspended from the top of the air-heating chamber and 6X tending downward through said chamber, the lower ends of said gas-fines opening into the combustion-chamber, downcast air-tubes suspended from the partition dividing the airheating chamber from the combustion-chamber, said air-tubes surrounding the gas-fines, burners arranged in the combustion-chamber below the suspended flues and tubes, a gas heating-chamber contained in one of the gasflues and adapted for connection With a supply of gas and a gas-pipe connecting the gas heating-chamber to the burners, substantially as described.

Signed at 28 Southampton Buildings, London, England, this 11th day of September, 1895.

ROBERT MORTON.

ROBERT PRINGLE.

In presence of WM. CLARK, JOSEPH LAKE. 

